Vauxhall, SW8

Vauxhall is an inner city area of south London in the London Borough of Lambeth.

It has also given its name to the Vauxhall Parliamentary Constituency, which also includes large swathes of Brixton and Clapham

Since 1998, the geographical confusion has increased as Vauxhall is now part of the borough's North Lambeth town centre, for administrative purposes.

There is no mention of Vauxhall in the 1086 Domesday Book. The area formed part of the extensive Manor of South Lambeth. From various accounts, three local roads – the South Lambeth Road, Clapham Road (previously Merton Road) and Wandsworth Road (previously Kingston Road) – were ancient and well-known routes to and from London.

The land was flat and marshy with parts poorly drained by ditches, and only started to be developed in the mid 18th century. Prior to this it provided market garden produce for the nearby City of London.

It is generally accepted that the etymology of Vauxhall is from the name of Faulke de Breaute, the head of King John's mercenaries, who owned a large house in the area which was referred to as Faulke's Hall, later Foxhall, and eventually Vauxhall.

The area only became generally known by this name when the Vauxhall Pleasure Gardens opened as a public attraction. Initially most visitors would have approached by river, but crowds of Londoners of all classes came to know the area after the construction of Westminster Bridge in the 1740s.

Though now a major transport hub within minutes of central London, Vauxhall was neglected for many years. Many of its streets were destroyed during German bombing in World War II or ravaged through poor city planning. To many Londoners, Vauxhall is merely a bleak place of transit.

Much of the area in Vauxhall contains light industry, offices and government buildings. Many companies and organisations were attracted in the past by Vauxhall's central location and comparatively cheap rent compared to Westminster on the other side of the river. In recent years, Vauxhall's riverside has undergone major redevelopment with the construction of a number of modern residential and office blocks, most notably the distinctive MI6 building at Vauxhall Cross.

Many Vauxhall residents live in social housing. There are several gentrified areas, and smart roads of terraced townhouses on streets such as Fentiman Road and Heyford Avenue are well known as desirable locations. Vauxhall is also a popular residential area for Members of Parliament and civil servants due to its proximity to the Houses of Parliament and Whitehall -- Kennington is within the area wired for the Commons' Division Bell. Some 18th and 19th century property also survives — most famously Bonnington Square, a community which emerged from the 1970s/1980s squat scene in London, and remains as mostly housing co-operatives today.

There is a significant Portuguese community; many Portuguese restaurants and bars are located in South Lambeth Road and the surrounding area.

Vauxhall Cross dominates the Vauxhall riverside. It is immediately to the south-east of Vauxhall Bridge where six major roads converge, including the Albert Embankment which exits the Cross to the north, and which is the southernmost point of entry into the London congestion charge area.

Vauxhall Cross is the site of the central headquarters of the British Secret Intelligence Service (more commonly referred to as MI6), which occupies offices built between 1989 and 1992 and commonly referred to as Vauxhall Cross. More recently, a large complex of apartments and offices has been built to the south of Vauxhall Bridge.

The James Bond film Die Another Day featured the fictional London Underground station of Vauxhall Cross, a closed station on the Piccadilly Line and now employed by MI6 as an extension to its HQ.

Nearest places :
Battersea
Nine Elms
Kennington
Oval
Pimlico
Stockwell
Camberwell
Walworth
Newington

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